Pregnancy Accommodation and Family Leave: PWFA + State Rules
Research on pregnancy accommodation and family leave: PWFA, EEOC Part 1636, California PDL, state overlays, and key litigation.
Research
What the rules say about employee time and pay.
Plain-English reports for business owners and managers who want the source behind a wage-and-hour answer. Every report links to the underlying authorities and is separately fact-checked.
Featured research
- 01Meal and Rest Break Laws by State: Premium Pay and 2026 Updates
- 02Time Clock Rounding Rules: When Rounding Employee Time Becomes Risky
- 03Paid Family and Medical Leave Laws by State: 2026 PFML Rules
- 04Final Paycheck Laws by State: Deadlines, Penalties, and Wage Components
Browse research
Expense Reimbursement Laws by State (2026)
Research for employers on which states require expense reimbursement, California Labor Code §2802, cell-phone and remote-work costs, and the federal minimum-wage floor.
Bereavement and Civic Leave Laws by State: Jury Duty and Voting
Research on bereavement leave, jury duty pay, voting leave, witness leave, and domestic violence leave for private employers by state.
GPS Employee Monitoring Laws by State: Notice and Vehicle Rules
State GPS tracking, electronic monitoring notice, company vs personal vehicle rules, and compliance for time clocks and geofencing (2026).
Tipped Wage and Tip Credit: FLSA §3(m), Dual Jobs, and State Cash Floors
Research on the federal tip credit ($2.13 cash wage), notice and make-up rules, tip pooling, the 80/20/30 vacatur, and state-by-state tipped minimum wages.
Holiday Pay Laws by State: What Employers Actually Owe
Research on holiday pay laws by state, including policy-based holiday pay, Rhode Island premiums, and overtime bonus risk.
Independent Contractor Classification by State: Federal, ABC, and 1099 Risk
Research on contractor classification rules by state, including federal tests, ABC tests, 1099 risk, and employer control.
Buddy Punching and Time Clock Fraud: How Employers Can Detect It Safely
Research on buddy punching, biometric time clock risk, and lower-risk detection options for small-business employers.
Lactation Break Laws by State: PUMP Act + State Accommodations
Research on lactation break laws by state, including PUMP Act rules, private space, paid breaks, notice, and accommodations.
Recordkeeping Requirements by State: Payroll and Time Records
Research on time and payroll recordkeeping requirements by state, including federal rules and longer retention periods.
Time Clock Rounding Rules: When Rounding Employee Time Becomes Risky
Research on time clock rounding rules, including federal rounding, state restrictions, meal-period rounding, and raw-punch records.
Retro Pay vs Back Pay: How to Fix Past Payroll Mistakes
Research on retro pay and back pay, including overtime recomputation, withholding, wage statements, and state penalty risk.
Final Paycheck Laws by State: Deadlines, Penalties, and Wage Components
Research for employers on final paycheck deadlines, same-day states, late-pay penalties, wage components, and remote-worker rules.
Overtime Laws by State: Federal Rules, Exemptions, 2024–2026
Federal overtime law (29 USC §207, §213 exemptions, 29 CFR Parts 541/778), the 2024 DOL vacatur, regular-rate mechanics, and state daily-OT overlays.
On-Call Pay Rules: When Standby Time Is Compensable
Research on when on-call time must be paid, including standby restrictions, sleep-time rules, and state-law risk.
Pay Transparency Laws by State: Salary Range Posting Rules
Research on pay transparency laws by state, including salary range postings, city ordinances, and remote-job rules.
Meal and Rest Break Laws by State: Premium Pay and 2026 Updates
Research on meal and rest break laws by state, including paid breaks, meal periods, premium pay, and California risk.
No Tax on Tips and Overtime: Deductions, State Rules, and W-2 Reporting
Research on the federal no-tax-on-tips and no-tax-on-overtime deductions, state conformity, caps, and W-2 reporting.
Mileage and Expense Reimbursement Laws by State (2026)
Research on mileage and expense reimbursement laws by state, including remote-work costs, state rules, and IRS rate context.
Predictive Scheduling Laws by State: Fair Workweek Rules
Research on predictive scheduling and fair workweek laws, including advance notice, predictability pay, clopening, and city rules.
Paid Sick Leave Laws by State: Accrual Rules and City Ordinances
Research on paid sick leave laws by state, including accrual rates, carryover rules, waiting periods, and city requirements.
Travel Time Pay: Federal Rules, California Cases, and State Risk
Research on travel time pay rules, including commuting, site-to-site drives, state risk, and the records employers should keep.
Paid Family and Medical Leave Laws by State: 2026 PFML Rules
Research on paid family and medical leave laws by state, including PFML benefits, contribution rules, FMLA overlap, and multi-state workers.
Off-the-Clock Work Laws by State: Federal Rules and California Risk
Research on off-the-clock work rules by state, including federal wage law, California risk, remote work, and recordkeeping.
Vacation Payout Laws by State: Unused PTO and Final Pay
Research on vacation and PTO payout laws by state, including final pay, policy-dependent states, and combined-PTO risk.
Pay Stub (Wage Statement) Requirements by State
Research on pay stub requirements by state, including wage statement rules, California risk, and payroll record details.
Resource library
Articles
Time-tracking guides for US employers, including wage-and-hour rules, payroll-ready workflows, and industry-specific buying advice.
Quick reads
Wage-and-hour questions answered for US employers, with every claim fact-checked.
Templates
Copyable time-tracking policies, forms, worksheets, checklists, and notes for small-business employers.
Tools
Free wage-and-hour calculators for US employers, with every claim fact-checked.